With the expansion of the scale of production and logistics, and the improvement of logistics automation, logistics machinery and equipment are becoming more and more widely used in modern production and logistics, and their role is becoming more and more important; and modern production and modern logistics have put forward the requirements for logistics machinery and equipment. higher requirements. The improvement of modern mechanical equipment design capabilities and the rapid progress of science and technology have led to a sharp increase in the technical content, knowledge content, and cultural content of logistics machinery and equipment. Logistics machinery and equipment are undergoing a huge change. In the new century, the technical performance of logistics machinery and equipment will enter a new stage of development, and logistics machinery and equipment will surely achieve greater development.
Looking at the current development status of logistics machinery and equipment, it can be seen that in order to adapt to the needs of modern logistics, logistics machinery and equipment has the following development trends:
1. Large-scale and high-speed
Large-scale refers to the increasing capacity, scale, and capabilities of equipment, and high-speed refers to the greatly accelerated operation speed, operating speed, recognition speed, and calculation speed of equipment. The rapid development of modern social economy has caused the scale of production and logistics to continue to expand. In order to improve operating efficiency and economies of scale, the demand for large-scale, high-speed logistics machinery continues to grow. The lifting capacity, load capacity, productivity and operating capacity of logistics machinery and equipment are getting larger and larger, and the working speed is getting faster and faster.
2. Practical and lightweight
Logistics machinery and equipment are an important material and technical foundation for modern and automated logistics. Logistics machinery and equipment are required to be easy to use, easy to maintain and operate, have excellent durability, trouble-free performance and good economy, as well as high safety and reliability. Therefore, in the future, more attention will be paid to the development of logistics machinery and equipment with good performance, low cost and high reliability. Some logistics machinery and equipment are used in general situations and the work is not heavy. This type of equipment has a large batch size and a wide range of uses. Considering the comprehensive benefits, it can reduce the appearance height, simplify the structure, reduce the cost, and also reduce the operating cost of the equipment. This kind of lightweight equipment will develop faster in the future.
3.Specialization and generalization
Logistics is a product of social and economic development and will inevitably show diversified characteristics with the development of social economy. The diversified characteristics reflect the diversified demand for logistics machinery and equipment, so that logistics machinery and equipment have a variety of varieties and are constantly updated. The systematicness and consistency of logistics activities and the speed and flexibility of transportation and distribution require some equipment to develop in the direction of specialization, and at the same time require some equipment to develop in the direction of generalization and standardization. Special equipment meets special needs with unique functions and can play a priority role. For example, the functions of special cranes for railways, ships, and containers will continue to increase, their performance will continue to improve, and their adaptability will continue to strengthen; container ships, bulk carriers, concrete transport trucks, tank trucks, etc. have a wide range of uses and low costs. Some general-purpose equipment can also realize rapid conversion of logistics operations and greatly improve the efficiency of logistics operations. For example, large container trailers can carry containers of all sizes for sea, air, and rail transportation. General-purpose equipment will also be further developed in the future.
4. Automation and intelligence
Combining mechanical technology and electronic technology, and applying advanced microelectronics technology, power electronics technology, optical cable technology, hydraulic technology, and fuzzy control technology to mechanical drive and control systems, it will be necessary to realize the automation and intelligence of logistics machinery and equipment. future development direction. For example, the new generation of electrical control devices for large cranes has developed into a fully electronic digital control system, which consists of a fully digital control drive device, a programmable controller, a fault diagnosis and data management system, and digital manipulation given detection and other devices. The application of advanced technology makes the crane more flexible, thus improving the comprehensive automation level of the single machine. The operation of transportation equipment relies more on instruments, signals and auxiliary driving systems to become more and more intelligent. The development and application of autonomous driving systems in maritime and air transportation, delivery and pickup trucks in automated three-dimensional warehouses, and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in road transportation will attract widespread attention from all countries. In addition, with the help of satellite communication technology, transportation equipment can be tracked and controlled throughout the entire process, allowing rapid response to market changes. At the end of 2000, Northwest International Telecommunications Co., Ltd. established a freight vehicle dispatching and management system for FAW Storage and Transportation Company. It combines GPS, GIS, GSM and other technologies to realize full tracking and monitoring of goods. This system can effectively avoid empty vehicles, arrange pickup and delivery times reasonably and effectively, greatly improve the utilization rate of vehicles, save transportation costs, and enable companies or cargo owners to understand the entire situation of goods during transportation, which can greatly improve the efficiency of transportation. Maximize customer needs for vehicle safety services, management dispatch and information services. Since its establishment, the system has been operating well and has played a very good role, providing a basis for effective logistics management and will be more widely used in the future.
Intelligent handling vehicles AHV (Autonomous Handling Vehicle) will also be widely used. The shape of the AHV is similar to the AGV currently used, but it is equipped with two general-purpose manipulators. When working, it relies on industrial cameras that play a visual role to judge the location and size of the goods. Just like people, they can use the manipulators to freely carry heavy loads. 200--300 kilograms of goods. AHV has the function of collaborative operation. When the cargo to be transported is too long or too heavy, two or more ARVs can work together to carry it. This will greatly reduce the specifications and models of ARVs and facilitate management. The joint operation of several AHVs of the same specifications can greatly improve their operating capabilities.
5. Complete and systematic
On the basis of single-machine automation of logistics machinery and equipment, various logistics machinery and equipment are combined into a logistics machinery and equipment integrated system through computers, and coordinated with the logistics system through the control of the control room. This type of logistics machinery and equipment has a high degree of automation and has information processing functions. It can process various information detected by sensors such as storage, calculation, logical judgment, and transformation, and then issue control instructions to the actuator. This type of logistics machinery and equipment also has a good information input and output interface, enabling complete, accurate and reliable transmission of information throughout the entire logistics machinery integrated system. Through system integration, logistics machinery and equipment can form a prioritized matching and combination of different models, learn from each other's strengths, and exert priority effects. What will be developed in the future include factory production and handling automation systems, cargo distribution and distribution systems, container loading and unloading handling systems, automatic sorting and handling systems for goods, etc.
